{"id":147117,"date":"2023-11-24T02:05:20","date_gmt":"2023-11-24T02:05:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/acf_article\/phong-ngua-nhiem-trung-hev-hepatitis-e-virus-vi-rut-viem-gan-e-qua-duong-truyen-mau-tai-thai-lan-va-nhieu-noi-khac\/"},"modified":"2026-02-23T07:29:08","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T07:29:08","slug":"preventing-transfusion-transmitted-hev-infection-in-thailand-and-beyond","status":"publish","type":"acf_article","link":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/vi\/disease-area\/blood-screening-2\/preventing-transfusion-transmitted-hev-infection-in-thailand-and-beyond\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u ta\u0323i Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u01b0 la\u0300 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc vi-r\u00fat vi\u00eam gan E (HEV), m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i Lan, Trung t\u00e2m Huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia thu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i Ch\u1eef th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecf Th\u00e1i Lan \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai quy tr\u00ecnh s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi s\u00f4\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng 500 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb\/th\u00e1ng trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh 2023-2027. S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao g\u1eb7p bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng do nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E).<\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111a\u0301nh gia\u0301 t\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 v\u00ea\u0300 d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u mu\u00f4\u0301n ti\u0300m h\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng x\u01b0\u0309 ly\u0301, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u00ea\u0309u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u01b0\u0303ng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng trong ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn va\u0300 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u00f4\u0323t va\u0300i th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb phi\u0301a Th\u00e1i Lan nh\u0103\u0300m gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec3n khai s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Ch\u1eef th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecf Th\u00e1i Lan.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E)<\/h2>\n

HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi-ru\u0301t RNA \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1\u0323i, d\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u0301nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc, thu\u1ed9c chi Orthohepevirus, h\u1ecd Hepeviridae. Vi-ru\u0301t na\u0300y c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3u gen kh\u00e1c nhau: ki\u1ec3u gen 1, 2, 3 v\u00e0 4. Ki\u1ec3u gen 1 v\u00e0 2 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong khi ki\u1ec3u gen 3 v\u00e0 4 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ee3n, l\u1ee3n r\u1eebng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1u. \u0110\u00f4i khi, ki\u1ec3u gen 3 v\u00e0 4 cu\u0303ng co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m b\u00ea\u0323nh tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi [1].<\/p>\n

Theo th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO), m\u1ed7i n\u0103m tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20 tri\u1ec7u ca nhi\u00ea\u0303m m\u01a1\u0301i HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 3,3 tri\u1ec7u ca xu\u00e2\u0301t hi\u00ea\u0323n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng [1] T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1. \u0103m 2015, WHO \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 44.000 ca t\u1eed vong do nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) [1].<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E): (1) l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n-mi\u1ec7ng do ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m; (2) \u0103n th\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh ch\u01b0a n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn; (3) l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc; v\u00e0 (4) truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c ch\u00ea\u0301 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, hay co\u0300n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u (nhi\u1ec5m TT-HEV) [1].<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 tu\u1ea7n, trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 tu\u1ea7n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1t, ch\u00e1n \u0103n, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, n\u00f4n, \u0111au b\u1ee5ng, ng\u1ee9a, ph\u00e1t ban da, \u0111au kh\u1edbp, v\u00e0ng da v\u00e0 gan to. Nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 tu\u1ea7n. Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sau khi h\u00ea\u0301t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh. \u1ede ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 t\u1ef1 kho\u0309i [1].<\/p>\n

Chi\u0309 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ebfm tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u01a1\u0309 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng vi\u00eam gan t\u1ed1i c\u1ea5p (suy gan c\u1ea5p). HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ty\u0309 l\u00ea\u0323 t\u1eed vong cao v\u00e0 sa\u0309y thai \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) trong thai ky\u0300, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ba th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i thai k\u1ef3. Ngoa\u0300i ra, HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng m\u00e3n t\u00ednh \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111ang m\u0103\u0301c vi-r\u00fat suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HIV) v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ghe\u0301p ta\u0323ng co\u0301 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch [1].<\/p>\n

S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u: quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n

Do ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd v\u00e2\u0303n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 1:600 \u0111\u1ebfn 1:74.131 [2].<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u t\u1ea1i t\u1eebng khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i axit nucleic (NAT) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 men gan b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 IgM v\u00e0 IgG kh\u00e1ng HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E).<\/p>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n co\u0301 TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u0309 th\u00e2\u0301y t\u0103ng nhe\u0323 n\u00f4\u0300ng \u0111\u00f4\u0323 men gan, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00eam gan sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c truy\u00ea\u0300n m\u00e1u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, H\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng d\u00e2\u0303n th\u01b0\u0323c ha\u0300nh l\u00e2m sa\u0300ng cu\u0309a Hi\u00ea\u0323p h\u00f4\u0323i gan m\u00e2\u0323t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1ec1 ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 men gan b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng sau khi truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u [2]. Trong \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng quy HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p NAT (Nucleic acid amplification testing, X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i axit nucleic) c\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy c\u01a1 m\u0103\u0301c TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u) cu\u0309a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, cu\u0300ng v\u01a1\u0301i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0o [2].<\/p>\n

D\u1eef li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u)<\/h2>\n

Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh [3], 225.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc ARN c\u1ee7a HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E). B\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) ki\u1ec3u gen 3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n m\u0103\u0301c l\u00e0 1\/2848 (0,04%). Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn ma\u0301u co\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0303m, c\u00f3 62 ch\u00ea\u0301 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n cho 60 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m vi-ru\u0301t Trong s\u1ed1 43 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c theo d\u00f5i, 18 (42%) tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u00ea\u0323nh. T\u0103ng men gan l\u00e0 d\u00e2\u0301u hi\u00ea\u0323n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u). \u0110\u1ec3 hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n loa\u0323i bo\u0309 TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u), hai b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ribavirin v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m m\u01b0\u0301c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. B\u00ean ca\u0323nh \u0111o\u0301, co\u0301 10 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Ti\u0309nh Hokkaido, ph\u00eda B\u1eafc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u0111a\u0303 ghi nh\u00e2\u0323n 20 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nhi\u1ec5m TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u) trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 17 n\u0103m [4]. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u do ki\u1ec3u gen HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) 3 g\u00e2y ra, chi\u0309 co\u0301 hai b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m ki\u1ec3u gen HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) 4. Trong s\u1ed1 19 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, 9 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u \u00e1c t\u00ednh. N\u00f4\u0300ng \u0111\u00f4\u0323 HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u trong nhi\u1ec5m TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u) \u01a1\u0309 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 3,6 x 104 IU HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) RNA. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ea\u0301 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) trong truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 50%.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u l\u00e0 0,011% (289 tr\u00ean 2.638.685 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u) t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2019 v\u1edbi NAT (Nucleic acid amplification testing, X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i axit nucleic) g\u00f4\u0323p m\u00e2\u0303u v\u01a1\u0301i 20 m\u00e2\u0303u m\u00f4\u0323t l\u00e2\u0300n [5]. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t na\u0300y \u0111a\u0303 t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u01b0\u0301c 0,043% (597 tr\u00ean 1.379.750 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u) khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m NAT (Nucleic acid amplification testing, X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i axit nucleic) ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m, 89% c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u gen HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) 3, trong khi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3u gen HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) 4. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi tri\u1ec3n khai s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec5m TT-HEV (transfusion-transmitted HEV infection, nhi\u00ea\u0303m vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n ma\u0301u) n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o (d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2019).<\/p>\n

C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Lan<\/h2>\n

\u1ede Th\u00e1i Lan, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u0323a va\u0300o RNA HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) t\u1ea1i Trung t\u00e2m Huy\u00ea\u0301t ho\u0323c Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m Huy\u00ea\u0301t ho\u0323c Khu v\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong B\u1ea3ng 1 [6].<\/p>\n

Theo d\u01b0\u0303 li\u00ea\u0323u n\u00eau tr\u00ean, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HEV (Hepatitis E Virus, Vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E) \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u Th\u00e1i Lan t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong ca\u0301c trung t\u00e2m Huy\u00ea\u0301t ho\u0323c Khu v\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao Trung t\u00e2m Huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai quy tr\u00ecnh s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc vi-ru\u0301t vi\u00eam gan E h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi s\u00f4\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng 500 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng (trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh 2023-2027).<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/em><\/p>\n

[1] <\/a>https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-e. Vi\u00eam gan E Nga\u0300y 20 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2023.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng cu\u0309a EASL (European Association for the Study of the Liver, Hi\u00ea\u0323p h\u00f4\u0323i gan m\u00e2\u0323t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u) v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec5m vi-r\u00fat vi\u00eam gan E. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh gan. 2018;68(6):1256-71.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Hewitt PE, Ijaz S, Brailsford SR, Brett R, Dicks S, Haywood B v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. Vi-r\u00fat vi\u00eam gan E trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1u: m\u00f4\u0323t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00ea\u0300 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n m\u0103\u0301c v\u00e0 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n \u1edf mi\u00ea\u0300n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh. Lancet (Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, Anh). 2014;384(9956):1766-73.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Satake M, Matsubayashi K, Hoshi Y, Taira R, Furui Y, Kokudo N v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. C\u00e1c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u0111\u0103\u0323c bi\u00ea\u0323t c\u1ee7a vi\u00eam gan E l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. Truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u. 2017;57(2):280-8.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Sakata H, Matsubayashi K, Iida J, Nakauchi K, Kishimoto S, Sato S v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nhi\u1ec5m vi-r\u00fat vi\u00eam gan E: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc l\u00e2u d\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u \u1edf Hokkaido, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, 2005-2019. Truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u. 2021;61(12):3390-401.<\/p>\n

[6] Pitchanan Khamsawang, Wilawan Sakram, Peeraya Suriya, Duangnapa Intarasongkrau, Patcharida Wongkittikul, Chompinekh Tungpunekh, et al. S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec5m vi-r\u00fat vi\u00eam gan E \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u. 2023.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u01b0 la\u0300 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00e1u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang tri\u1ec3n khai ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc vi-r\u00fat vi\u00eam gan E (HEV), m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":85839,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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