{"id":147189,"date":"2022-04-19T01:45:01","date_gmt":"2022-04-19T01:45:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/acf_article\/chan-doan-va-dieu-tri-benh-mau-kho-dong-gioi-thieu-ngan-gon-ve-cac-tinh-trang-roi-loan-dong-mau\/"},"modified":"2026-01-27T09:55:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T09:55:21","slug":"haemophilia-diagnostics-and-therapeutics-a-brief-introduction","status":"publish","type":"acf_article","link":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/vi\/disease-area\/rare-diseases\/haemophilia-diagnostics-and-therapeutics-a-brief-introduction\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng: gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Khi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u1edbi \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-align-justify\" style=\"font-family: Inter !important; font-weight: 500 !important; font-size: 28px !important; line-height: 36px !important; letter-spacing: 0px !important;\">B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n<p> <img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-137137 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-1-302x70.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"483\" height=\"112\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-1-302x70.png 302w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-1-1024x238.png 1024w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-1-768x179.png 768w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-1.png 1138w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c protein trong m\u00e1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap c\u1ea7m m\u00e1u. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 VIII ho\u1eb7c Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 IX th\u1ea5p. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y trong m\u00e1u. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe l\u1edbn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 200.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (b\u1ec7nh von Willebrand hay vWD, m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u di truy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn 84.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u).\u00a0B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng A, do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 VIII, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn 1\/5.000 b\u00e9 trai sinh ra; b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng B, do thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 IX, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn 1\/25.000-30.000 b\u00e9 trai sinh ra [1].<\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-137147 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-2-272x201.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"386\" height=\"285\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-2-272x201.png 272w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-2.png 518w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 386px) 100vw, 386px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n di truy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. Kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nam gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang gen b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng [2].<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u201cb\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i\u201d n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung ni\u00ean ho\u1eb7c cao tu\u1ed5i, ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi sinh con ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3. \u00a0T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd kh\u1ecfi n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-align-justify\" style=\"font-family: Inter !important; font-weight: 500 !important; font-size: 28px !important; line-height: 36px !important; letter-spacing: 0px !important;\">B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u sau khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea7m t\u00edm khi b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb9. \u00a0\u1ede tr\u1ebb em m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 sinh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh sau khi b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt).<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem m\u00e1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\"><strong>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e1u to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n (CBC)<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hemoglobin, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u trong m\u00e1u<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\"><strong>Fibrinogen<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c m\u00e1u \u0111\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\"><strong>Th\u1eddi gian thromboplastin m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a (APTT)<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 VIII, IX, X v\u00e0 XI<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\"><strong>Th\u1eddi gian prothrombin (PT)<\/strong> \u2013 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 I, II, V, VII v\u00e0 X<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n trong bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/p>\n<p> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-137156 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-3-302x164.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"449\" height=\"244\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-3-302x164.png 302w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-3-1024x556.png 1024w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-3-768x417.png 768w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-3.png 1267w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 449px) 100vw, 449px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 VIII ho\u1eb7c Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 IX hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb9, trung b\u00ecnh hay n\u1eb7ng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u trong m\u00e1u. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\"><strong>B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eb9: 5-30%<\/strong> l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\"><strong>B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng trung b\u00ecnh: 1-5%<\/strong> l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\"><strong>B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng n\u1eb7ng: <1%<\/strong> l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m di truy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang gen b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c mang thai. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a thai nhi th\u00f4ng qua x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc sinh, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro cho thai nhi.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-align-justify\" style=\"font-family: Inter !important; font-weight: 500 !important; font-size: 28px !important; line-height: 36px !important; letter-spacing: 0px !important;\">Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o cho b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong khi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1edf m\u1ee9c nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb theo \u0111\u1ee3t ho\u1eb7c theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p. \u00a0Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1n th\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng A v\u00e0 B v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i vWD. \u00a0Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1n th\u1ea3i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1n th\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. \u00a0Kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 VIII xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 30% b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecf qua (bypass agent) nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p prothrombin ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a, FVIIa t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c emicizumab (kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u k\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng A).<\/p>\n<p> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-137165 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-4-302x128.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"493\" height=\"209\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-4-302x128.png 302w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-4-1024x435.png 1024w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-4-768x326.png 768w, https:\/\/labinsights.com\/app\/uploads\/2022\/04\/haemophilia-4.png 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 493px) 100vw, 493px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 desmopressin, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau s\u1ee3i huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m \u0111au c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"text-align-justify\" style=\"font-family: Inter !important; font-weight: 500 !important; font-size: 28px !important; line-height: 36px !important; letter-spacing: 0px !important;\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a (ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf) t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u trong m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c \u2013 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p ng\u00e0y nay \u2013 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng do vi-r\u00fat t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u. M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n, khi\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0c\u00e1c kh\u1edbp, c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p gen h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 quan v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng. \u00a0Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m so m\u00e0u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc m\u1edbi xung quanh vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\">Khi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u00a0N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\"><em>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www1.wfh.org\/publications\/files\/pdf-2045.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[1]<\/a> World Federation of Haemophilia Report on Annual Global Survey, 2020.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=D596TyLDY3A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">[2]<\/a> \u201cGiving a voice to women with haemophilia\u201d by Dr Danielle Nance. Truy c\u1eadp t\u1ea1i <https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=D596TyLDY3A><\/p>\n<p class=\"text-align-justify\"><em>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1ed5 sung:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\">Mayo Clinic, trang v\u1ec1 B\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\">Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Trang ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\">World Federation of Haemophilia (WFH) Guidelines for the Management of Haemophilia<\/li>\n<li class=\"text-align-justify\">National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Trang web c\u1ee7a NHLBI.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u00e1u kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u. \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":85433,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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