\u00a0 <\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/p>\n
\u6350\u732e\u6bcf\u4e00\u5355\u4f4d\u8840\u6db2\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u633d\u6551\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u8f93\u8840\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u4e2d\u633d\u6551\u751f\u547d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u624b\u672f\u3001\u5916\u4f24\u3001\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u3001\u5206\u5a29\u548c\u91cd\u5ea6\u8d2b\u8840\u671f\u95f4\u4e3a\u60a3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8840\u6db2\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5168\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u8f93\u8840\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3 (TTI) \u7684\u98ce\u9669\u5e76\u672a\u6d88\u9664\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u4e25\u683c\u7b5b\u67e5\u8840\u6db2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u5a01\u80c1\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b HIV\u3001\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e (\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2) \u548c\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e (\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2) \u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4f20\u64ad\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u68c0\u6d4b\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u611f\u67d3\u540e\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4ecd\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u4e3a\u9634\u6027 [1]\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u75be\u75c5\u9ad8\u53d1\u5730\u533a\u6216\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u4f20\u64ad\u75be\u75c5\uff08\u5982\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u548c\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\uff09\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u76f2\u533a [2]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u65b0\u5174\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u671d\u4e00\u5915\u5efa\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5371\u673a\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u4fee\u6b63\u5e76\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b0\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u90fd\u4f1a\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f2\u70b9\u3002\u6bcf\u4f4d\u53d7\u4f24\u5bb3\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u90fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u52a8\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u7ea7\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\u2192\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u2192\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u7b5b\u9009\u2192\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b (NAT)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u4fdd\u969c\u59cb\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u75c5\u53f2\u95ee\u5377\u662f\u8bc4\u4f30\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u524d\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8be5\u95ee\u5377\u91c7\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u3001\u5faa\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898\u7b5b\u67e5\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fd1\u671f\u60a3\u75c5\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u611f\u67d3\u98ce\u9669\u5730\u533a\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u75c5\u53f2\u548c\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\u9632\u6b62\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u8fdb\u5165\u8840\u6db2\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b8c\u5584\u4e14\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u95ee\u5377\u53ef\u5254\u9664\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95ee\u5377\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u643a\u5e26\u672a\u68c0\u51fa\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8d8a\u5357\u5317\u90e8\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u6709\u8fd1 45% \u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u65e2\u5f80\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2 (HBV) \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u8bc1\u636e [3]\u3002\u8fd9\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff1a\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u95ee\u5377\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7b5b\u9009\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u5230\u5065\u5168\u7684\u7b5b\u67e5\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53d1\u73b0\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9057\u6f0f\u7684\u611f\u67d3 [4]\u3002<\/p>\n
20 \u4e16\u7eaa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u809d\u708e\u548c HIV \u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u68c0\u6d4b HIV\u3001\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\uff08\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\uff09\u3001\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\uff08\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\uff09\u548c\u6885\u6bd2\u7684\u6297\u4f53\u548c\u8868\u9762\u6297\u539f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u5168\u7403\u732e\u8840\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6885\u6bd2\u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u5e38\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u201c\u8fc7\u65f6\u201d\u6216\u9057\u7559\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5374\u4e0e\u65e5\u4ff1\u589e\u3002\u5168\u7403\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\u6885\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u75c5\u4f8b\u51fa\u73b0\u53cd\u5f39\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6301\u7eed\u7b5b\u67e5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\uff0c\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7684\u6885\u6bd2\u8840\u6e05\u9633\u6027\u7387\u4ecd\u4e3a 0.42%\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u548c\u7537\u6027\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8 [5,6]\u3002\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u7b5b\u67e5\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3 (TTI) \u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u53d7\u5230\u201c\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\u201d\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u732e\u8840\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6f0f\u8bca\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u6781\u5c0f\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u7684 TTI \u98ce\u9669\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u8f85\u52a9\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u5373\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u75be\u75c5\u9ad8\u53d1\u5730\u533a\u6216\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u5a01\u80c1\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5730\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81ea 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u63a8\u51fa\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b (NAT) \u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5177\u5907\u76f8\u5e94\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5728\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\uff0cNAT \u7684\u666e\u53ca\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ecd\u7136\u53c2\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f50\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u8840\u6db2\u670d\u52a1\u673a\u6784\u4ecd\u7136\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u5927\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728 HIV\u3001\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u548c\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u7b49\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3\u9ad8\u53d1\u6216\u65b0\u53d1\u611f\u67d3\u5448\u4e0a\u5347\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6 [7]\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b5b\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42\u9057\u6f0f\u7684\u75c5\u4f8b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\uff08\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u95ee\u5377\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u9057\u6f0f\u8fd1\u671f\u6216\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\uff08\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\uff09\u53c8\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\u65f6\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c42 (NAT) \u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002NAT \u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u68c0\u6d4b\u75c5\u6bd2 RNA \u6216 DNA \u6709\u6548\u6d88\u9664\u8bca\u65ad\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u611f\u67d3\u75c5\u6bd2\u4f46\u4f20\u7edf\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u4e3a\u9634\u6027\u7684\u51e0\u5929\u6216\u51e0\u5468\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cNAT \u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u9884\u9632 TTI\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u548c HIV \u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002NAT \u4e0e\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\uff1a<\/strong> HIV<\/strong> \u4e2d\u4f4d\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\u4ece\u611f\u67d3\u540e\u6301\u7eed\u7ea6 18 \u5929\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728 10 \u81f3 24 \u5929\u4e4b\u95f4 [8]\u3002\u6839\u636e RNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u53ef\u5728 HIV \u4f20\u64ad\u540e 5 \u81f3 10 \u5929\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230 RNA [9]\u3002\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2<\/strong> \u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u6297\u4f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\uff08\u4ece\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u66b4\u9732\u5230\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u6297\u4f53\u68c0\u6d4b\uff09\u7ea6 8 \u5230 11 \u5468\u3002\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2 RNA \u5728\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u66b4\u9732\u540e\u7ea6 1-2 \u5468\u53ef\u68c0\u51fa [10]\u3002\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2<\/strong>\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2 DNA \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u524d\u4e24\u5468\u5185\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\uff0c\u800c HBsAg \u5219\u5728\u66b4\u9732\u540e 2 \u81f3 10 \u5468\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8840\u6e05\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u75c7\u72b6\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u8f6c\u6c28\u9176\u5347\u9ad8\u4e4b\u524d [11,12]\u3002\u81ea 2005 \u5e74\u5f15\u5165 NAT \u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u5df2\u5c06\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u6b8b\u4f59\u98ce\u9669\u964d\u4f4e\u81f3\u6bcf\u767e\u4e07\u6b21\u732e\u8840 0.27 \u4f8b [13]\u3002\u5728\u8d8a\u5357\uff0c\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u5fc3\u666e\u904d\u91c7\u7528\u7b5b\u67e5\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u8868\u9762\u6297\u539f (HBsAg) \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c0.3% \u7684 HBsAg \u9634\u6027\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4ecd\u643a\u5e26\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2 DNA\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u5b58\u5728\u9690\u6027\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u611f\u67d3 (OBI)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c5\u4f8b\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 NAT \u8bc6\u522b [14]\u3002<\/p>\n \u5927\u591a\u6570\u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u56f4\u7ed5\u56db\u79cd\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u5efa\u7acb\uff1aHIV\u3001\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\u548c\u6885\u6bd2\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8be5\u6e05\u5355\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u51c6\u786e\u53cd\u6620 TTI \u98ce\u9669\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\u7b49\u6c14\u5019\u3001\u79fb\u6c11\u548c\u75ab\u60c5\u7206\u53d1\u9891\u7387\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u5851\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7684\u5730\u533a\u3002\u767b\u9769\u70ed\uff1a\u9ad8\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u3001\u4f4e\u53ef\u89c1\u6027<\/strong><\/em> \u767b\u9769\u70ed\u5e76\u975e\u65b0\u5174\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u8f93\u8840\u98ce\u9669\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u5728\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u6d41\u884c\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u8be5\u75c5\u6bd2\u4f20\u64ad\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4e14\u4e0d\u6613\u5bdf\u89c9\u3002\u9ad8\u8fbe 87% \u7684\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ec5\u51ed\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u75c5\u53f2\u95ee\u5377\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u4f20\u64ad\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u75c5\u6bd2\u8840\u75c7\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u957f\u8fbe 9 \u5929\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\u5df2\u5728\u7b26\u5408\u732e\u8840\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230 RNA [2]\u3002\u5728\u8d8a\u5357\uff0c\u7ea6 0.3% \u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u75c5\u6bd2 RNA\uff0c\u4f46\u672a\u53d1\u73b0\u57fa\u5b54\u80af\u96c5\u70ed\u6216\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u75c5\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\uff0c\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u68c0\u51fa\u7387\u4e3a 0.07%\uff0c\u57fa\u5b54\u80af\u96c5\u70ed\u68c0\u51fa\u7387\u4e3a 0.03%\uff0c\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\u68c0\u51fa\u7387\u4e3a 0.02%\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u75c5\u6bd2\u8840\u75c7\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5728\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u75c5\u6bd2\u8840\u75c7\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5bf9\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u5e38\u89c4\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u6d41\u884c\u5730\u533a [15]\u3002\u5728\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u6d41\u884c\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6297\u4f53\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u5e38\u5e38\u6f0f\u8bca\u65e9\u671f\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u800c\u68c0\u6d4b\u75c5\u6bd2 RNA \u7684 NAT \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u732e\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u8f93\u8840\u76f8\u5173\u4f20\u64ad [2]\u3002\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u3001\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u3001\u5df4\u897f\u548c\u6ce2\u591a\u9ece\u5404\u5747\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u6848\u7684\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7ecf\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u75c5\u4f8b [2]\u3002\u800c\uff0c\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u5c1a\u672a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b9e\u65bd\u767b\u9769\u70ed RNA \u5e38\u89c4\u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u73b0\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u89c4\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\u6f5c\u5728\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\u3002\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\uff1a\u9690\u853d\u4e0d\u9732\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u98ce\u9669<\/strong><\/em> 2015 \u81f3 2016\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u6d32\u7206\u53d1\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\u75ab\u60c5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002\u5728\u6ce2\u591a\u9ece\u5404\u75ab\u60c5\u7206\u53d1\u671f\u95f4\uff0c1% \u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u732e\u8840\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2 RNA\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6837\u672c\u5747\u6765\u81ea\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u3002\u5df4\u897f\u81f3\u5c11\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u4e00\u4f8b\u7ecf\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u4f8b\uff0c\u53d7\u8840\u8005\u4e3a\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u53d7\u635f\u8005 [13]\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\u548c\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u5a92\u4ecb\u76f8\u540c\uff08\u868a\u5b50\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8840\u6db2\u670d\u52a1\u673a\u6784\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5e76\u975e\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u75ab\u60c5\u7206\u53d1\u671f\u95f4\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u76d1\u7ba1\u673a\u6784\u4e0d\u518d\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5728\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u9776\u5411 NAT \u7b5b\u67e5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5b9e\u7528\u4e14\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c1a\u672a\u5f00\u5c55\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u5e38\u89c4 NAT \u7b5b\u67e5 [7]\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u75ab\u60c5\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b9\u6848\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u4e3a\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u5730\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u7ba1\u7406\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n 2002 \u5e74\u81f3 2013 \u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u62a5\u544a\u4e86 30 \u4f59\u4f8b\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u897f\u5c3c\u7f57\u6cb3\u75c5\u6bd2 (WNV) \u75c5\u4f8b\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u75c5\u4f8b\u5747\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u75c5\u6bd2\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4f20\u64ad\u671f\u95f4 [13]\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u5b63\u8282\u6027 NAT \u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 WNV \u76f8\u5173 TTI \u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387 [16]\u3002\u867d\u7136 WNV \u5728\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5730\u533a\u5e76\u975e\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u6848\u4f8b\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u7b5b\u67e5\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65b0\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u6216\u73b0\u6709\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u56e0\u6c14\u5019\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u533a\u57df\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7684\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u68c0\u6d4b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u533b\u7597\u7cfb\u7edf\u9020\u6210\u8fc7\u91cd\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n \u5fae\u5c0f\u5df4\u8d1d\u866b (Babesia microti) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8731\u4f20\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\uff0c\u5bf9\u53d7\u8840\u8005\u6784\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u53d7\u635f\u8005\u3002\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u5df4\u8d1d\u866b\u75c5 (TTB) \u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u7ea6\u4e3a 19% [17]\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd TTB \u75c5\u4f8b\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u76d1\u6d4b\u3001\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\u6301\u7eed\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6d41\u884c\u5730\u533a\u5b9e\u65bd\u533a\u57df\u6027\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9879\u9488\u5bf9 89000 \u4f59\u4f8b\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fae\u5c0f\u5df4\u8d1d\u866b\u7b5b\u67e5\u9633\u6027\u7387\u4e3a 0.38%\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5168\u5e74\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684 PCR \u9633\u6027\u75c5\u4f8b\u548c 13% \u6297\u4f53\u9634\u6027\u75c5\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u5eb7\u6d85\u72c4\u683c\u5dde\u548c\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u7b49\u5df2\u7b5b\u67e5\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u62a5\u544a\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u5df4\u8d1d\u897f\u866b\u75c5 (TTB) \u75c5\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u732e\u8840\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf 18074 \u4efd\u732e\u8840\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u98ce\u9669\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u516b\u500d [18]\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u759f\u75be\u867d\u7136\u8f83\u4e3a\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u9632\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u4e8e\u759f\u75be\u6d41\u884c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u670d\u52a1\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u65e5\u76ca\u51f8\u663e\u3002\u539a\u819c\u6d82\u7247\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u759f\u75be\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8be5\u6280\u672f\u8017\u65f6\u8f83\u957f\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u8005\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7 (WHO) \u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u759f\u75be\u6d41\u884c\u56fd\u5bb6\u91c7\u7528\u9ad8\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u7684\u9176\u514d\u75ab\u5206\u6790\u6cd5 (EIA) \u68c0\u6d4b\u759f\u75be\u6297\u539f [19]\u3002\u539a\u819c\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u548c EIA \u6297\u539f\u68c0\u6d4b\u4ec5\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6bcf\u5fae\u5347\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d 100 \u4e2a\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\uff0c\u6216\u5728450 mL \u732e\u8840\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa4500 \u4e07\u4e2a\u5bc4\u751f\u866b [20,21]\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u68c0\u6d4b\u65e8\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u9884\u9632\u7ecf\u8840\u6db2\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u8840\u75c7\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e NAT \u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7814\u53d1\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53 RNA (rRNA) \u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e DNA \u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53 RNA \u6bd4\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u6838\u9178\u4e30\u5bcc\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6076\u6027\u759f\u539f\u866b\u73af\u72b6\u671f\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u6240\u542b\u7684rRNA \u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u4e3a 1 \u00d7 10^4[22]\u3002\u5229\u7528 rRNA \u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6781\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u8840\u75c7\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e NAT \u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u5728\u759f\u75be\u6d41\u884c\u533a\u548c\u975e\u6d41\u884c\u533a\u9884\u9632\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u759f\u75be\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\uff0c4.5% \u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4f53\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u759f\u75be\u6297\u4f53\uff0c1.2% \u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u8005 PCR \u68c0\u6d4b\u5448\u9633\u6027 [23]\u3002\u4e00\u9879\u5bf9 2010 \u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u975e\u6d41\u884c\u533a 13 \u4f8b\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u759f\u75be (TTM) \u75c5\u4f8b\u7684\u56de\u987e\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u68c0\u6d4b\u768412 \u540d\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709 10 \u540d\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8e DNA \u7684 PCR \u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u759f\u539f\u866b\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u800c\u4e24\u4e2a\u9634\u6027\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u964d\u89e3\u7684\u50a8\u5b58\u6837\u672c\u6709\u5173\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6297\u4f53 EIA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u9633\u6027\u7387\u4e3a\u4e03\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\uff0c\u6f0f\u68c0\u75c5\u4f8b\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u7a81\u663e\u4e86\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u9650\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u65e0\u75c7\u72b6\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4e2d\u3002\u65b0\u578b\u57fa\u4e8e rRNA \u7684\u5206\u5b50\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6bd4 DNA PCR \u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u9ad8\u7ea6 1000 \u500d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u65e9\u671f\u68c0\u6d4b\u9884\u9632 TTM \u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u652f\u6301\u5c06 PCR \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9996\u9009\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6297\u4f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u5730\u533a [24]\u3002<\/p>\n \uff1a\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u6e05\u695a\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e2\u5f80\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ec4\u5408\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u75ab\u60c5\u66b4\u53d1\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u75c5\u5a92\u8fc1\u5f99\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e3a\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u8fdb\u5165\u8840\u6db2\u5faa\u73af\u521b\u9020\u65b0\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5207\u5165\u70b9\u3002\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\u7b56\u7565\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u5f53\u5730\u60c5\u51b5\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5e76\u8003\u8651\u5230\u75ab\u60c5\u7206\u53d1\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u6d41\u884c\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e9a\u592a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u670d\u52a1\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u5728\u4e8e\u5b9a\u671f\u5ba1\u67e5\u533a\u57df\u98ce\u9669\u3001\u5236\u5b9a\u5e94\u5bf9\u75ab\u60c5\u66b4\u53d1\u7684\u7b5b\u67e5\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fd8\u662f NAT\u3002\u91c7\u53d6\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u57fa\u4e8e\u5faa\u8bc1\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u52a0\u5f3a\u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/em> <\/p>\n \u76ee\u5f55\uff1a \u00a0 \u7b80\u4ecb \u4ece\u6297\u4f53\u5230 RNA\uff1a\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b \u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u95ee\u5377\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf \u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9053\u9632\u7ebf \u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891 \u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u4e2d\u5230\u9ad8\u6d41\u884c\u6c34\u5e73\u56fd\u5bb6\/\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u91cd\u8981\u7a81\u7834 \u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u6e05\u5355\uff1a\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u4e3a\u4f55\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55 \u4e0b\u4e00\u6ce2\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3 \u5bc4\u751f\u866b\uff1a\u7f55\u89c1\u4f46\u98ce\u9669\u6781\u9ad8 \u7ed3\u8bba \u00a0 \u7b80\u4ecb \u6350\u732e\u6bcf\u4e00\u5355\u4f4d\u8840\u6db2\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u633d\u6551\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u8f93\u8840\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u4e2d\u633d\u6551\u751f\u547d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u624b\u672f\u3001\u5916\u4f24\u3001\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7597\u3001\u5206\u5a29\u548c\u91cd\u5ea6\u8d2b\u8840\u671f\u95f4\u4e3a\u60a3\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8840\u6db2\u662f\u751f\u7269\u5236\u54c1\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8be5\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5168\u7403\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u8f93\u8840\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3 (TTI) \u7684\u98ce\u9669\u5e76\u672a\u6d88\u9664\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e09\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u4e25\u683c\u7b5b\u67e5\u8840\u6db2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u4f20\u67d3\u75c5\u5a01\u80c1\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b HIV\u3001\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e (\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2) \u548c\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e (\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2) \u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4f20\u64ad\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u68c0\u6d4b\u5b58\u5728\u201c\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u611f\u67d3\u540e\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4ecd\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u4e3a\u9634\u6027 [1]\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u75be\u75c5\u9ad8\u53d1\u5730\u533a\u6216\u5b63\u8282\u6027\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u4f20\u64ad\u75be\u75c5\uff08\u5982\u767b\u9769\u70ed\u548c\u5be8\u5361\u75c5\u6bd2\uff09\u4e2d\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u76f2\u533a [2]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u65b0\u5174\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002 \u4ece\u6297\u4f53\u5230 RNA\uff1a\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u5386\u7a0b \u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u671d\u4e00\u5915\u5efa\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5371\u673a\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u3001\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\u4fee\u6b63\u5e76\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b0\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u90fd\u4f1a\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f2\u70b9\u3002\u6bcf\u4f4d\u53d7\u4f24\u5bb3\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u90fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u52a8\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u7ea7\u9632\u5fa1\u7cfb\u7edf\u2192\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u9009\u62e9\u2192\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u7b5b\u9009\u2192\u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b (NAT)\u3002 \u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u95ee\u5377\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf \u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u4fdd\u969c\u59cb\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u8bdd\u3002\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u75c5\u53f2\u95ee\u5377\u662f\u8bc4\u4f30\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u524d\u7ebf\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8be5\u95ee\u5377\u91c7\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u3001\u5faa\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898\u7b5b\u67e5\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fd1\u671f\u60a3\u75c5\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u611f\u67d3\u98ce\u9669\u5730\u533a\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u75c5\u53f2\u548c\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\u9632\u6b62\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u67d3\u6027\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u8fdb\u5165\u8840\u6db2\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b8c\u5584\u4e14\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u95ee\u5377\u53ef\u5254\u9664\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95ee\u5377\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u7b26\u5408\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u643a\u5e26\u672a\u68c0\u51fa\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8d8a\u5357\u5317\u90e8\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u6709\u8fd1 45% \u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u65e2\u5f80\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2 (HBV) \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u8bc1\u636e [3]\u3002\u8fd9\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff1a\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u95ee\u5377\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7b5b\u9009\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u5230\u5065\u5168\u7684\u7b5b\u67e5\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53d1\u73b0\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9057\u6f0f\u7684\u611f\u67d3 [4]\u3002 \u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9053\u9632\u7ebf 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u809d\u708e\u548c HIV \u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u68c0\u6d4b\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8840\u6db2\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u68c0\u6d4b HIV\u3001\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\uff08\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\uff09\u3001\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\uff08\u4e19\u578b\u809d\u708e\u75c5\u6bd2\uff09\u548c\u6885\u6bd2\u7684\u6297\u4f53\u548c\u8868\u9762\u6297\u539f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u5168\u7403\u732e\u8840\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6885\u6bd2\u7b5b\u67e5\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7b5b\u67e5\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u5e38\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u201c\u8fc7\u65f6\u201d\u6216\u9057\u7559\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5374\u4e0e\u65e5\u4ff1\u589e\u3002\u5168\u7403\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\u6885\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3\u75c5\u4f8b\u51fa\u73b0\u53cd\u5f39\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6301\u7eed\u7b5b\u67e5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6cf0\u56fd\uff0c\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7684\u6885\u6bd2\u8840\u6e05\u9633\u6027\u7387\u4ecd\u4e3a 0.42%\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u548c\u7537\u6027\u4f9b\u8840\u8005\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8 [5,6]\u3002\u8840\u6e05\u5b66\u7b5b\u67e5\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u8f93\u8840\u4f20\u64ad\u611f\u67d3 (TTI) \u7684\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u53d7\u5230\u201c\u7a97\u53e3\u671f\u201d\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u732e\u8840\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6f0f\u8bca\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b58\u5728\u6781\u5c0f\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u7684 TTI \u98ce\u9669\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u8f85\u52a9\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u5373\u53ef\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u611f\u67d3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u75be\u75c5\u9ad8\u53d1\u5730\u533a\u6216\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u5a01\u80c1\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5730\u533a\u3002 \u6838\u9178\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1a\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891 \u81ea 20 \u4e16\u7eaa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":97,"featured_media":133924,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"pillarandcategory":[8101,282],"reporter":[14195],"class_list":["post-145500","acf_article","type-acf_article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pillarandcategory-blood-screening-2","pillarandcategory-disease-area","reporter-nadine-verdoorn"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/acf_article\/145500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/acf_article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/acf_article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/97"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/acf_article\/145500\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148192,"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/acf_article\/145500\/revisions\/148192"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/133924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=145500"},{"taxonomy":"pillarandcategory","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pillarandcategory?post=145500"},{"taxonomy":"reporter","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labinsights.com\/zhcn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/reporter?post=145500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u6e05\u5355\uff1a\u8840\u6db2\u7b5b\u67e5\u4e3a\u4f55\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55<\/h2>\n
\u4e0b\u4e00\u6ce2\u75c5\u6bd2\u611f\u67d3<\/h2>\n
\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\uff1a\u7f55\u89c1\u4f46\u98ce\u9669\u6781\u9ad8<\/h2>\n
\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n
\n
\n[1]<\/a> World Health Organization. 2009. “Screening Donated Blood for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections: Recommendations.”<\/span>Screening for transfusion-transmissible infections<\/span><\/i> (WHO Press). <\/span>https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK142989\/<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[2] Asia Pacific Blood Network. 2019. “Dengue and the Blood Supply.”White Paper, 12.<\/span>
\n[3]<\/a> Viet, Le, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan, Phung Xuan Ty, Bj\u00f6rn Bj\u00f6rkvoll, Hedda Hoel, Tore Gutteberg, Anne Husebekk, Stig Larsen, Eystein Skjerve, and Hans Husum. 2012. “Prevalence of hepatitis B & hepatitis C virus infections in potential blood donors in rural Vietnam.”<\/span>The Indian Journal of Medical Research<\/span><\/i> (Indian Council of Medical Research New Delhi) 136 (1): 74-81. <\/span>https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/230656382_Prevalence_of_hepatitis_B_hepatitis_C_virus_infections_in_potential_blood_donors_in_rural_Vietnam<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[4]<\/a> World Health Organization. 2012. <\/span>Blood Donor Selection: Guidelines on Assessing Donor Suitability for Blood Donation.<\/span><\/i> Geneva: World Health Organization. <\/span>https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK138218\/<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[5]<\/a> Peeling, Rosanna W., David Mabey, Mary L.Kamb, Xiang-Sheng Chen, Justin D.Radolf, and Adele S.Benzaken.\u201cSyphilis.\u201dNature Reviews Disease Primers 3, no. 1 (October 12, 2017). <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2017.73<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[6]<\/a> Rattanatham, Rujikorn, Wanida Mala, Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui, Frederick Ramirez Masangkay, Chutima Rattanawan, Supakanya Lasom, Kinley Wangdi, and Manas Kotepui.\u201cA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Risk of Syphilis among Blood Donors in Thailand.\u201d<\/span>Scientific Reports<\/span><\/i> 15, no. 1 (March 18, 2025). <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-94332-3<\/span><\/a>.<\/span>
\n[7]<\/a> Moreira-Soto, Andres, Ignacio Postigo-Hidalgo, Ximena Tabares, Yannik Roell, Carlo Fischer, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Thomas Jaenisch, Jos\u00e9 Eduardo Levi, Yaniv Lustig, and Jan Felix Drexler.\u201cTransfusion-Transmitted Infections: Risks and Mitigation Strategies for Oropouche Virus and Other Emerging Arboviruses in Latin America and the Caribbean.\u201d<\/span>The Lancet Regional Health – Americas<\/span><\/i> 46 (June 2025): 101089. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lana.2025.101089<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[8]<\/a> Bangalee, Avania, Sachin Bhoora, and Rivak Punchoo.\u201cEvaluation of Serological Assays for the Diagnosis of HIV Infection in Adults.\u201d<\/span>South African Family Practice<\/span><\/i> 63, no. 1 (October 25, 2021). <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4102\/safp.v63i1.5316<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[9]<\/a> Huynh, Katie.\u201cHIV Testing.\u201dStatPearls [Internet]., April 17, 2023. <\/span>https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK482145\/<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[10]<\/a> \u201cClinical Screening and Diagnosis for Hepatitis C.\u201dCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, January 31, 2025. <\/span>https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hepatitis-c\/hcp\/diagnosis-testing\/index.html<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[11]<\/a> Conners, Erin E., Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, Megan G.Hofmeister, Philip R.Spradling, Liesl M.Hagan, Aaron M.Harris, Jessica S.Rogers-Brown, et al. \u201cScreening and Testing for Hepatitis B Virus Infection: CDC Recommendations \u2014 United States, 2023.\u201d<\/span>MMWR.Recommendations and Reports<\/span><\/i> 72, no. 1 (March 10, 2023): 1\u201325. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.rr7201a1<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[12]<\/a> Huang, Rongrong, and Jieli Lee.\u201cHepatitis B Testing.\u201dEdited by Patricia Tsang.Pathology Outlines.2025 \u5e74 7 \u6708 1 \u65e5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 <\/span>https:\/\/www.pathologyoutlines.com\/topic\/chemistryhepatitisB.html<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[13]<\/a> Kim, Han Joo, and Dae-Hyun Ko.\u201cTransfusion-Transmitted Infections.\u201d<\/span>Blood Research<\/span><\/i> 59, no. 1 (April 12, 2024). <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44313-024-00014-w<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[14]<\/a> Tung, Tran Thanh, J\u00fcrgen Schmid, Vu Xuan Nghia, Le Chi Cao, Le Thi Linh, Ikrormi Rungsung, Bui Tien Sy, et al. \u201cLow Risk of Occult Hepatitis B Infection among Vietnamese Blood Donors.\u201d<\/span>Pathogens<\/span><\/i> 11, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 1524. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens11121524<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[15]<\/a> Stanley, Jean, Viroje Chongkolwatana, Pham Tuan Duong, Pimpun Kitpoka, Susan L.Stramer, Nguyen Thi Dung, Kacie E.Grimm, Anyarin Pojanasingchod, Panitita Suksomboonvong, and Susan A.Galel.\u201cDetection of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika RNA in Blood Donors from Southeast Asia.\u201d<\/span>Transfusion<\/span><\/i> 61, no. 1 (October 7, 2020): 134\u201343. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.16110<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[16] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).\u201cUpdate: West Nile Virus Screening of Blood Donations and Transfusion-Associated Transmission\u2014United States, 2003.\u201d<\/span>MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep <\/span><\/i>53, no. 13 (April 12, 2004): 2184.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[17]<\/a> Bloch, Evan M., Peter J.Krause, and Laura Tonnetti.\u201cPreventing Transfusion-Transmitted Babesiosis.\u201d<\/span>Pathogens<\/span><\/i> 10, no. 9 (September 13, 2021): 1176. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens10091176<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[18]<\/a> Moritz, Erin D., Colleen S.Winton, Laura Tonnetti, Rebecca L.Townsend, Victor P.Berardi, Mary-Ellen Hewins, Karen E.Weeks, Roger Y.Dodd, and Susan L.Stramer.\u201cScreening for Babesia Microti in the U.S. Blood Supply.\u201d<\/span>New England Journal of Medicine<\/span><\/i> 375, no. 23 (December 8, 2016): 2236\u201345. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmoa1600897<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[19]<\/a> World Health Organization. 2009. “Screening Donated Blood for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections: Recommendations.”<\/span>Screening for transfusion-transmissible infections<\/span><\/i> (WHO Press). <\/span>https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK142989\/<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>
\n[20]<\/a> Bejon, Philip, Laura Andrews, Angela Hunt-Cooke, Frances Sanderson, Sarah C Gilbert, and Adrian VS Hill.\u201cThick Blood Film Examination for Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Has Reduced Sensitivity and Underestimates Parasite Density.\u201d<\/span>Malaria Journal<\/span><\/i> 5, no. 1 (November 8, 2006). <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2875-5-104<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[21]<\/a> Kitchen, A.D., and P.L. Chiodini.\u201cMalaria and Blood Transfusion.\u201d<\/span>Vox Sanguinis<\/span><\/i> 90, no. 2 (January 20, 2006): 77\u201384. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2006.00733.x<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[22]<\/a> Murphy, Sean C., Jennifer L.Prentice, Kathryn Williamson, Carolyn K.Wallis, Ferric C.Fang, Michal Fried, Cris Pinzon, et al. \u201cReal-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR for Monitoring of Blood-Stage Plasmodium Falciparum Infections in Malaria Human Challenge Trials.\u201d<\/span>The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene<\/span><\/i> 86, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 383\u201394. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.10-0658<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[23]<\/a> Nethasia Louhenapessy, Nethasia, Ria\u00a0 Syafitri Evi Ria Syafitri Evi Gantini, Susan Rahayu, Elisabeth Lilipory, Heri Wibowo, Yuyun Soedarmono, and Inge Sutanto.\u201cEvaluating Laboratory Screening Tests for Malaria on Blood Donors Candidates to Reduce the Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria in an Endemic Area of Indonesia.\u201d<\/span>Medical Journal of Indonesia<\/span><\/i> 30, no. 3 (October 10, 2021): 191\u201397. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13181\/mji.oa.215491<\/span>.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>
\n[24]<\/a> Galel, Susan A.\u201cLaboratory Detection of Donors Implicated in Transfusion\u2010transmitted Malaria.\u201d<\/span>Transfusion<\/span><\/i> 64, no. 12 (November 6, 2024): 2325\u201331. <\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.18061<\/span>.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"